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Looking at the diode array, a proposed device to circumvent the second
law, the electrons cycle through an electrical circuit. Inside each
source diode, the thermally driven random movement of electrons move in
the more allowed direction from cathode to anode supplying electrons to
a high negative voltage, thermally exhausted position on a buss shared
by all of many similarly aligned diodes reinforcing each other in
parallel. The electrons next move from the negative buss though the
electrical circuit including an electrical load, which converts
electrical energy into another form of energy, to the positive buss
arriving as low electrical energy, low thermal energy electrons. Here
they return to the diode cathodes completing the cycle. Each electron
circulation cycle absorbs heat from the single temperature, warmer than
absolute zero, reservoir and releases the energy in electrical form.
This Carl von Clausewitz said was impossible in his formulation of the
second law.
Aloha,
Charlie
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